American Society for Training & Development (now ATD)
Society for the Advancement of Behavior Analysis (ABAI/SABA)
International Society for Performance Improvement (ISPI)
Co‑founder; President (1965–1966), International Society for Performance Improvement (ISPI)
Established behavioral research laboratory; Researcher, Varian Associates
Instructor in Psychology, California State University, Sacramento
Robert F. Mager (1923–2020) was an American psychologist and seminal author in instructional design and human performance improvement. He popularized the systematic writing of performance‑based learning objectives and advanced Criterion‑Referenced Instruction (CRI), influencing training and education worldwide. He authored the widely read “Mager Six‑Pack” and co‑founded the International Society for Performance Improvement (ISPI).
A performance‑based instructional design approach that anchors design in clearly specified objectives—performance, conditions, and criterion—followed by criterion‑referenced testing and modular instruction to ensure mastery.
A diagnostic decision flow for analyzing human performance problems to determine whether issues stem from skill/knowledge, environmental supports, incentives, or other causes, and to match solutions (often beyond training) to root causes.
Psychological Reports • Journal
Reports studies showing that adults arrive with varied prior knowledge and, when given control over their curriculum, can plan learning paths that lead to specified objectives. The paper argues for methods that detect learners’ entry behaviors and enable them to generate efficient, individualized curricula, emphasizing selection as well as presentation of content.
Mager Associates, Inc. • Book
Written as conversations between a sharp fifth‑grader and a parent, the book critiques common school practices and outlines specific, actionable changes that would help schools produce graduates who can do what’s required to thrive as educated, responsible adults.
Mager Associates, Inc. • Book
An autobiographical account of Mager’s career and eclectic interests, describing experiences that shaped his approach to learning, performance improvement, and the development of CRI and his best‑known books.
Center for Effective Performance (CEP) • Book
A concise handbook for diagnosing why people are not performing as expected and for selecting solutions matched to root causes. Using a decision flow, it distinguishes skill gaps from environmental, incentive, or process issues and outlines remedies beyond training when appropriate. Includes dozens of real‑world examples and a fold‑out flowchart.
Center for Effective Performance (CEP) • Book
Presents a five‑step process for translating vague, abstract goals ("fuzzies") into observable, assessable performances. It shows how to define evidence of attainment, refine statements into measurable outcomes, and test the completeness of performance descriptions; includes many practice exercises.
Center for Effective Performance (CEP) • Book
A practical guide for stating clear, performance‑based learning objectives. The book explains the qualities of well‑written objectives and shows how to specify performance, conditions, and criteria so instructional outcomes align with goals. It includes checklists and practice to help distinguish strong objectives from vague statements and to ensure objectives guide design and assessment.
Center for Effective Performance (CEP) • Book
Explains how to determine whether instruction achieved its objectives by developing appropriate measurement tools. In clear, non‑technical language, it shows how to align test items with objectives, collect evidence of learning, and document the value of training; includes extensive practice exercises and a pull‑out reference card.
Center for Effective Performance (CEP) • Book
Focuses on building and sustaining learner motivation and positive attitudes toward learning. It offers practical techniques to increase learners’ willingness to engage and to use what they have learned, plus a checklist to assess whether instructional practices support confidence and interest or inadvertently create negative attitudes.
Center for Effective Performance (CEP) • Book
Step‑by‑step guidance for designing and developing instruction that is lean, motivating, and effective. It translates the full course design process into manageable tasks, offers tactics for sequencing content, and provides tools and examples that help ensure instruction achieves stated objectives.